{"id":7070,"date":"2023-02-13T16:32:58","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T14:32:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/?p=7070"},"modified":"2023-05-17T05:04:45","modified_gmt":"2023-05-17T05:04:45","slug":"sokinejanciu-genu-paslaptys","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/2023\/02\/13\/sokinejanciu-genu-paslaptys\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160okin\u0117jan\u010di\u0173 gen\u0173 paslaptys"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 1944 m. jie buvo pasteb\u0117ti amerikie\u010di\u0173 mokslinink\u0117s Barbaros McClintock. Tirdama kukur\u016bzus ji i\u0161k\u0117l\u0117 hipotez\u0119, kad mozaikin\u0119 i\u0161vaizd\u0105 kukur\u016bz\u0173 burbuol\u0117s grei\u010diausiai \u012fgauna d\u0117l tam tikr\u0173 DNR fragment\u0173, kurie kei\u010dia savo viet\u0105 DNR. Kiti mokslininkai \u012f toki\u0105 teorij\u0105 dar gana ilgai \u017ei\u016br\u0117jo skepti\u0161kai. Visgi, kai judantys DNR fragmentai buvo aptikti ir bakterijose, 1983 m. B. McClintock u\u017e savo tyrimus buvo apdovanota Nobelio premija.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"http:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/McClintock.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/McClintock-843x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7081\" width=\"317\" height=\"385\"\/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Barbara McClintock. Wikimedia.org nuotr.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>B. McClintock apibr\u0117\u017etos DNR sekos seniau buvo vadinamos \u0161okin\u0117jan\u010diais genais, o \u0161iandien yra \u017einomos kaip transpozonai arba judrieji genomo elementai. Jie yra aptinkami beveik visuose gyvuose organizmuose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Be to, palyginus su \u012fprastais genais, kurie u\u017eima vos 2 proc. m\u016bs\u0173 DNR, judri\u0173j\u0173 genomo element\u0173 priskai\u010diuojama apie 50 proc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>VU GMC laborant\u0117, biolog\u0117 tyr\u0117ja Rimante \u017dedaveinyt\u0117 papasakojo, kad tokie savaime i\u0161sikerpantys arba nusikopijuojantys ir \u012f kit\u0105 viet\u0105 \u012fsiterpiantys DNR fragmentai gali b\u016bti praeities virus\u0173 ar pana\u0161i\u0173 \u017emog\u0173 infekavusi\u0173 organizm\u0173, o taip pat gen\u0173, kurie evoliucijos eigoje tapo nebereikalingi, liekanos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Transpozon\u0173 jud\u0117jimo pasekmes R. \u017dedaveinyt\u0117 \u012fvardija taip: \u201eTai duoda tam tikr\u0105 prana\u0161um\u0105 evoliucijos perspektyvoje. Tai tod\u0117l, kad kiekvienas genomo jud\u0117jimas i\u0161 esm\u0117s gali lemti 3 efektus: tai gali b\u016bti neigiamas poveikis, neutralus poveikis arba teigiamas poveikis\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teigiamas genomo dinami\u0161kumo efektas \u017emon\u0117ms \u2013 imuniteto formavimasis, bakterijoms \u2013 atsparumo antibiotikams i\u0161vystymas. Tuo tarpu neigiami efektai \u017emon\u0117ms yra sietini su kai kuriais v\u0117\u017eio tipais, neurodegeneracin\u0117mis ligomis, kraujo liga hemofilija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Visgi, nepaisant \u0161i\u0173 \u017eini\u0173, judrieji genomo elementai vis dar yra apgaupti daugeli\u0173 ne\u012fmint\u0173 m\u012fsli\u0173.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apie visa tai \u201eMokslo sriubos\u201c tinklalaid\u0117je \u201e\u0160okin\u0117jan\u010di\u0173 gen\u0173 paslaptys\u201c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"  id=\"_ytid_21625\"  width=\"750\" height=\"421\"  data-origwidth=\"750\" data-origheight=\"421\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/w0EnqsoSMYQ?enablejsapi=1&#038;autoplay=0&#038;cc_load_policy=0&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;loop=0&#038;modestbranding=0&#038;fs=1&#038;playsinline=0&#038;controls=1&#038;color=red&#038;cc_lang_pref=&#038;rel=1&#038;autohide=2&#038;theme=dark&#038;\" class=\"__youtube_prefs__  epyt-is-override  no-lazyload\" title=\"YouTube player\"  allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen data-no-lazy=\"1\" data-skipgform_ajax_framebjll=\"\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tapkite Mokslo sriubos r\u0117m\u0117jais:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/contribee.com\/mokslo-sriuba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/contribee.com\/mokslo-sriuba<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pirm\u0105 kart\u0105 1944 m. jie buvo pasteb\u0117ti amerikie\u010di\u0173 mokslinink\u0117s Barbaros McClintock. Tirdama kukur\u016bzus ji i\u0161k\u0117l\u0117 hipotez\u0119, kad mozaikin\u0119 i\u0161vaizd\u0105 kukur\u016bz\u0173 burbuol\u0117s grei\u010diausiai \u012fgauna d\u0117l tam tikr\u0173 DNR fragment\u0173, kurie kei\u010dia [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7603,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-naujienos","pb-post","pb-item","pb-col-xl-4 pb-col-m-6 pb-col-s-12","pb-animate pb-animated "],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/DNR-Mokslo-sriuba-genetika-1.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7070"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7604,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7070\/revisions\/7604"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7603"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mokslosriuba.lt\/kartumesgalime\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}